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Related species
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Spisula - Species in
Mactridae - - Classification -
- Mactridae
- Venerida
- Bivalvia
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Spisula solida (Linnaeus, 1758)
Solid surf clam| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Spisula solida AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS
Bivalvia | Venerida | Mactridae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Benthic; depth range 0 - 60 m (Ref. 106944). Subtropical, preferred 10°C (Ref. 107945); 65°N - 32°N, 24°W - 12°E
Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions
Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean: From southern Iceland to North Sea, Morocco and Madeira to the Mediterranean.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 5.0 cm SHL male/unsexed; (Ref. 7882); max. reported age: 13 years (Ref. 106244)
Depth based on occurrence (Ref. 2758, p. 805); to be replaced with better reference. Minimum depth from Ref. 2703. Species' maximum length from the Belgian part of the North Sea (Ref. 7882). Found along the coasts and further out into the open sea, mainly on top of sea banks. Shallowly burrows in coarse-grained sediment. A suspension feeder (Ref. 7882).
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Bivalvia are mostly gonochoric, some are protandric hermaphrodites. Life cycle: Embryos develop into free-swimming trocophore larvae, succeeded by the bivalve veliger, resembling a miniature clam.
Main reference
References | Coordinator | Collaborators
Gaspar, M.B., M.N. Santos and P. Vasconcelos. 2001. (Ref. 2758)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (Ref. 116361)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
FAO - Fisheries: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Tools
More information
Trophic Ecology
Ecology
Population dynamics
Growth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Life cycle
Distribution
Human Related
Aquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Taxonomy
References
Internet sources
BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Fisheries: ; publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref. 115969): 8.6 - 12.5, mean 10.4 (based on 344 cells).
Resilience
(Ref. 69278):
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.23-0.43; tm=1; tmax=13).
Nutrients : Calcium = 149 [71, 228] mg/100g; Iron = 8.53 [1.95, 15.11] mg/100g; Protein = 9.88 [8.64, 11.12] %; Omega3 = 0.313 [0.202, 0.423] g/100g; Selenium = 61 [50, 72] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 2.04 [0.56, 3.51] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.