Echinoidea |
Camarodonta |
Echinidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthic; depth range 450 - 2081 m (Ref. 84841). Polar
Antarctic.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Maximum depth from Ref. 116836.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Echinoidea are gonochoric. Fertilization is external. Brooding is common, eggs are held either on the peristome, around the periproct or deep into the concavities on the petaloids. Life cycle: Embryos develop into planktotrophic larvae (echinoplateus) and live for several months before they sink to the bottom using their tube feet to adhere on the ground where they metamorphose into young urchins.
Gutt, J., I. Barratt, E. Domack, C. d'Udekem d'Acoz, W. Dimmler, A. Gremare, O. Heilmayer, E. Isla, D. Janussen, E. Jorgensen, K.H. Kock, L.S. Lehnert, P. Lopez-Gonzales, S. Langner, K. Linse, M.E. Manjon-Cabeza and M. Meißner. 2011. (Ref. 87520)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood items
Diet
Food consumption
Ration
Predators
Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvaeLarval dynamics Human RelatedAquaculture profile
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): -1.6 - 1.3, mean 0.4 (based on 284 cells).
Resilience
Very Low, minimum population doubling time more than 14 years (K=0.02).
Price category
Unknown.