Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Benthopelagic; depth range 0 - 400 m (Ref. 275). Tropical; 10°C - 14°C (Ref. 275), preferred 21°C (Ref. 107945); 50°N - 8°N, 98°W - 53°W (Ref. 275)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Western Atlantic.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m 15.0 range ? - ? cm Max length : 50.0 cm ML male/unsexed; (Ref. 275); 40 cm ML (female)

Common mantle length: 10.0 to 20.0 cm (Ref. 275, 3722).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen. 1984. (Ref. 275)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 July 2015

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial
FAO - Fisheries: landings, species profile | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 5.9 - 26.3, mean 19.4 (based on 245 cells).

Resilience (Ref. 69278): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.59-0.95).

Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Low to moderate vulnerability (25 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Nutrients : Calcium = 126 [75, 177] mg/100g; Iron = 4.79 [1.67, 7.92] mg/100g; Protein = 15.5 [13.7, 17.4] %; Omega3 = 0.414 [0.262, 0.566] g/100g; Selenium = 57.8 [48.5, 67.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.97 [0.92, 3.02] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

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