Mammalia |
Carnivora |
Phocidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Bathydemersal; depth range 0 - 700 m (Ref. 1394). Polar; 0°N - 90°S, 180°W - 180°E
Indo-Pacific, Southern Atlantic and the Antarctic. Subtropical to polar.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 290 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 1394); 330 cm TL (female); max. published weight: 450.0 kg (Ref. 1394)
Found on fast ice and offshore through the pack ice. Feeds on the huge Antarctic cod, fish, with smaller amounts of squid and other invertebrates (Ref. 1394).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood and M.A. Webber. 1993. (Ref. 1394)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
FAO - Fisheries: species profile | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Tools
More information
Life cycleReproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Human RelatedAquaculture profile
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): -1.8 - 1, mean -1.6 (based on 6026 cells).
Resilience
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.21-0.62).
Vulnerability
High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.