Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Others. Temperate; 80°N - 7°S, 75°W - 47°E (Ref. 125423)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean. Subtropical to temperate.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 66.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 8812); max. published weight: 1.4 kg (Ref. 356)

Total Length: 51 to 66 cm; Wingspan: 145 to 155 cm (Ref. 8812).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Harrison, P. 1983. (Ref. 8812)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 August 2018

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses

| FishSource |

Tools

E-book | Field guide

More information

Trophic Ecology

Food items
Diet
Food consumption
Ration
Predators

Ecology

Ecology
Home ranges

Population dynamics

Growth
Age/Size
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance

Life cycle

Reproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics

Distribution

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions

Human Related

Aquaculture profile
Stamps, Coins Misc.

Outreach

Collaborators

Taxonomy

Common names
Synonyms
Morphology
Pictures

References

Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 0.5 - 11.9, mean 7.2 (based on 935 cells).

Resilience (Ref. 69278): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=21.38-47.13).

Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Comments & Corrections

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