Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
; Nước ngọt. Subtropical; 76°N - 48°S, 82°W - 179°E (Ref. 124582)
Indo-West Pacific, Mediterranean, Arctic and Atlantic. Subtropical to polar.
Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 101 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 8812); Khối lượng cực đại được công bố: 2.5 kg (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 6.96 cm; tarsus: 7.4 cm; wing: 35.7 cm.
Total Length: 80 to 101 cm; Wingspan: 130 to 160 cm (Ref. 8812). Found on beach and shoreline (Ref. 116102). A coastal species (Ref. 356). Largely dependent on freshwater and terrestrial environments. Feeds mostly on non-fish vertebrate prey (Ref. 95711). Displays pursuit-diving behavior (Ref. 356). In the North Sea off the coasts of Scotland and northern England, is known to partially feed on the sand eel, Ammodytes marinus (Ref. 95711).
SAUP Database. 2006. (Ref. 356)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Human uses
| FishSource |
Các công cụ
Các nguồn internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 4.7 - 25.5, mean 13.5 (based on 2744 cells).
Thích nghi nhanh
Chiêù cao, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là dưới 15 tháng (K=19.05-40.95).
Vulnerability
High vulnerability (61 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.