Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
; Γλυκού νερού. Subtropical; 76°N - 48°S, 82°W - 179°E (Ref. 124582)
Indo-West Pacific, Mediterranean, Arctic and Atlantic. Subtropical to polar.
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 101 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 8812); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 2.5 kg (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 6.96 cm; tarsus: 7.4 cm; wing: 35.7 cm.
Total Length: 80 to 101 cm; Wingspan: 130 to 160 cm (Ref. 8812). Found on beach and shoreline (Ref. 116102). A coastal species (Ref. 356). Largely dependent on freshwater and terrestrial environments. Feeds mostly on non-fish vertebrate prey (Ref. 95711). Displays pursuit-diving behavior (Ref. 356). In the North Sea off the coasts of Scotland and northern England, is known to partially feed on the sand eel, Ammodytes marinus (Ref. 95711).
SAUP Database. 2006. (Ref. 356)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Human uses
| FishSource |
Εργαλεία
Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 4.7 - 25.5, mean 13.5 (based on 2744 cells).
Ελαστικότητα
Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (K=19.05-40.95).
Vulnerability
High vulnerability (61 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.