Gastropoda |
Littorinimorpha |
Littorinidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / εύρος βάθους / distribution range
Οικολογία
; Υφάλμυρο; εύρος βάθους 0 - 60 m (Αναφ. 83435). Temperate, preferred 11°C (Αναφ. 107945); 81°N - 22°N, 55°W - 58°E (Αναφ. 83435)
Northeast Atlantic: from west Greenland to Kandalaksha Bay, White Sea, down to Portugal. Said to occur in the Mediterranean during the Pleistocene with records up to the Persian Gulf. Distribution in Iceland possibly true due to its occurrence up to west Greenland. Temperate to polar.
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Weight / Age
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση: Lm ?, range 1 - 1.4 cm Max length : 4.2 cm DL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Αναφ. 83435); μεγ. αναφερόμενη ηλικία: 5 έτη (Αναφ. 2823)
Found in intertidal and subtidal flats (Refs. 2823, 106899). In shallow and deep subtidal mussel beds of Mytilus edulis. Occurs in both hard substrates and in soft bottoms, particularly on stones, boulders, on muddy and sandy tidal flats. Also macrophytes such as Fucus and Zostera spp. Herbivorous grazer, feeding on microalgal films (diatoms) from the shell surfaces of mussels, sporelings of ephemeral algae and young barnacles (Ref. 106899).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Eggs | Γονιμότητα | Larvae
Broadcast spawner.
Healy, B. 1997 Long-term changes in a brackish lagoon, Lady's Island Lake, South-east Ireland. Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 97B(1):33-51. (Αναφ. 2779)
IUCN Red List Status
(Αναφ. 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Αναφ. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά)
FAO - αλιεία: landings | FishSource | Η θάλασσα γύρω μας
Εργαλεία
Περισσότερες πληροφορίες
PhysiologyΚατανάλωση οξυγόνου
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 11.6 - 15.4, mean 12.4 (based on 72 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (22 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability
High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
Nutrients : Calcium = 126 [75, 177] mg/100g; Iron = 4.79 [1.67, 7.92] mg/100g; Protein = 15.9 [14.8, 16.9] %; Omega3 = 0.331 [0.263, 0.400] g/100g; Selenium = 57.8 [48.5, 67.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.97 [0.92, 3.02] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.