Bivalvia |
Venerida |
Arcticidae
ສະພາບແວດລ້ອມ: ສະພາບແວດລ້ອມ / ເຂດດິນຟ້າອາກາດ / ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ / ຂອບເຂດການແຈກຢາຍ
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
Benthic; ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ 0 - 482 m (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 88171). Temperate, preferred 7°C (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 107945); 77°N - 35°N, 120°W - 45°E
Northern Atlantic and the Arctic: from Bay of Cadiz Spain, north to Iceland, and from Cape Hatteras in North Carolina, USA to the Canadian Arctic. Subtropical to polar.
ຄວາມຍາວໃນການເຕີບໂຕເຕັມຄັ້ງທໍາອິດ / ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / ອາຍຸ
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ: Lm ?, range 2 - 4.1 cm Max length : 13.0 cm SHL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 88171); common length : 7.6 cm SHL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 360)
Shell: moderately swollen, thick and robust valves, almost circular, equivalved and inequilateral; has a thick dark brown to blackish periostracum; sculpture consists of thin concentric grooves; well-developed external ligament, reaching the end of the posterior margin of the valve, posterior to the umbones; hinge is heterodont, right and left valves each has three cardinal teeth, anterior and posterior lateral teeth; inside the valves are two slightly different muscle scars (dimyarian, anisomyarian), linked by a continuous pallial line (integropalliate), without a sinus; crossed-lamellae structure. Body: pair of gills each consists of two series of lamellae extensively linked by interlamellar junctions (eulamellibranch); foot is large and the two mantle lobes fuse to form two stout siphons.
Minimum depth from Ref. 7726. Maximum shell height at 13 cm (anterior-posterior: from the whorl to opposite shell edge) in the Northeast Atlantic. Considered one of the slowest growing clam species in the world and extremely long-lived with an age record of 374 years. As an endobenthic species, population threats include anthropogenic factors such as mechanical damage, oxygen deficiency/eutrophication, unintentional habitat dislocation, temperature and osmotic stress brought by climate change, and, on a major scale, increased trawl fishery in the North Atlantic (Ref. 88171). Prefer a temperature range of 1° to 18°C and, although found in brackish waters with salinity levels of 14 and higher, is intolerant of salinities below 10. Found in both shallow and deep waters with preferred depth range between 10 and 280 m. Having a short siphon, it buries shallow beneath the surface, in gravelly, sandy to muddy sediments, and sapropels but preferentially in fine, silty sediment. Maintains a stationary position once it has settled onto the substrate. May burrow below the sediment surface possibly to escape predators or to conserve energy by going into this anaerobic phase which can last up to 7 days. A suspension and detritus feeder on fresh organic matter; filters phytoplankton and able to pick up food particles from the seabed with the tentacles on the end of its siphon, it being a suspension feeder. Dioecious with reproduction continuous throughout the year. Late sexual maturity, at around 5 to 11 years, make its population sensitive to disturbance (Ref. 88171).
ວົງຈອນຊີວິດ ແລະພຶດຕິກໍາການຫາຄູ່
ການຈະເລີນເຕັມໄວ | ການສືບພັນ | ການວາງໄຂ່ | ໄຂ່ | ຄວາມດົກຂອງໄຂ່ປາ | ຕົວອ່ອນ
Members of the class Bivalvia are mostly gonochoric, some are protandric hermaphrodites. Life cycle: Embryos develop into free-swimming trocophore larvae, succeeded by the bivalve veliger, resembling a miniature clam.
Harvey-Clark, C. 1997 Eastern tidepool and reef: north-central Atlantic marinelife guide. Hancock House Publishers, 64pp. (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 7726)
ສະຖານະພາບບັນຊີແດງຂອງ IUCN
(ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
ສະຖານະ CITES (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 116361)
Not Evaluated
ໄພຂົ່ມຂູ່ຕໍ່ມະນຸດ
ການນໍາໃຊ້ຂອງມະນຸດ
ການປະມົງ: ເປັນສີນຄ້າ
FAO - ການປະມົງ: ໂປຣໄຟລ໌ສາຍພັນ, landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | ທະເລອ້ອມຂ້າງພວກເຮົາ
ເຄື່ອງມື
ຂໍ້ມູນຕື່ມອີກ
ຟີຊິກສາດການບໍລິໂພກອົກຊີເຈນ
ມະນຸດທີ່ກ່ຽວຂ້ອງສະແຕມ, ຫຼຽນ, ອື່ນໆ.
ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
ການຄາດຄະເນໂດຍອີງໃສ່ແບບຈໍາລອງ
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ
(Ref. 69278): |
ຕຳ່, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 4.5 - 14 ປີ (K=0.02-0.2; tm=4.5) |
Rate of population increase
|
Prior r = 0.47, 95% CL = 0.31 - 0.70, Based on 1 full stock assessment. |
ຄວາມສ່ຽງຕໍ່ການຫາປາ
(ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 71543) |
High vulnerability (56 of 100). |
ຄວາມສ່ຽງດ້ານສະພາບອາກາດ
(ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 125649) |
High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100) |
ປະເພດລາຄາ
(ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ 80766): |
Low. |
Nutrients
|
Calcium = 149 [71, 228] mg/100g; Iron = 8.53 [1.95, 15.11] mg/100g; Protein = 9.88 [8.64, 11.12] %; Omega3 = 0.313 [0.202, 0.423] g/100g; Selenium = 61 [50, 72] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 2.04 [0.56, 3.51] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |
