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Holothuria atra Jaeger, 1833
Lollyfish| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Holothuria atra AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
Classification / Names Tên thường gặp | Các synonym ( Các tên trùng) | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS
Holothuroidea | Holothuriida | Holothuriidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / Mức độ sâu / distribution range Sinh thái học
; Mức độ sâu 0 - 30 m (Tài liệu tham khảo 800). Tropical; 30°N - 32°S, 32°E - 78°W (Tài liệu tham khảo 97480)
Distribution Các nước | Các khu vực của FAO | Các hệ sinh thái | Những lần xuất hiện | Những chỉ dẫn
Indo-Pacific.
Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Weight / Age
Chín muồi sinh dục: Lm 15.5 range ? - ? cm Max length : 60.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Tài liệu tham khảo 118); common length : 20.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Tài liệu tham khảo 122); Khối lượng cực đại được công bố: 1.0 kg (Tài liệu tham khảo 122)
Short description Hình thái học
Body Width: 10 cm. Body Thickness: 0.8 cm. Mean live weight about 200 g to 1000 g; body thickness about 4 mm. Body: cylindrical, elongate, with rounded ends. Tegument smooth, often covered by sand, but also showing round patches lacking sand. A red toxic fluid is secreted upon rubbing the body surface vigorously. Podia on bivium sparsely distributed, ending in a small disc around 150 micrometer in diameter; podia on trivium numerous, short and stout, distributed on the radii and the interradii, their calcareous disc around 0.05 cm in diameter. Mouth: ventral, surrounded by 20 black tentacles. Anus terminal. Calcareous ring with large radial pieces and narrow interradials. Cuvierian tubules absent. Color: entirely black. Spicules: tegument with tables and rosettes; tables with circular disc showing 8 holes (4 central and 4 smaller holes in between) and s spire of 4 pillars, ending in maltese crown; rosettes small and simple, more abundant in ventral tegument; ventral podia without rods, but with pseudo-plates; dorsal podia and papillae with short rods, showing denticulate borders.
The mean population density is around 0.5 per square meter, but can exceed 4 per square meter. Traditionally harvested, but the processed product is of low commercial value. In recent times, due to increasing demand, this species also appears in the processed products of many Pacific Islands. Collected by hand at low tide while wading on the reefs, or by divers (Ref. 122). Processed to trepang in Puerto Princesa, Palawan (Ref. 543). A common shallow-water species, rarely found at depths of more than 20 m, mostly on inner and outer reef flats and back reefs or shallow coastal lagoons; abundant on sandy-muddy grounds with rubble or coral patches and in seagrass beds (Ref. 122). Intertidal. Also found on coarse and fine sandy areas in coral communities (Ref. 129602). Body is often almost completely covered by sand grains (Ref. 102838). The mean population density is about 0.5/square meter, but can exceed 4/square meter. Inshore shallow-water populations are denser, composed of smaller individuals, while deeper or outer reef populations, individuals are more scattered and with larger sizes (Ref. 122). Feeds on Halimeda sp. (Ref. 118). Known to release a wine-colored exudate when rubbed vigorously (Ref. 85218).
Life cycle and mating behavior Chín muồi sinh dục | Sự tái sinh sản | Đẻ trứng | Eggs | Sự sinh sản | Larvae
Inshore shallow-water populations composed of smaller individuals, and reproduce mostly by transversal fission, while in deeper or outer reef populations the individuals are larger, and reproduce sexually (Ref. 122).
Main reference
Các tài liệu tham khảo | Người điều phối | Người cộng tác
Conand, C. 1998. (Tài liệu tham khảo 122)
IUCN Red List Status
(Tài liệu tham khảo 130435: Version 2024-2)
Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 18 May 2010
CITES status (Tài liệu tham khảo 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (Tài liệu tham khảo 116361)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
Các nghề cá: buôn bán nhỏ
| FishSource | Biển chung quanh ta
Các công cụ
Thêm thông tin
Sinh thái dinh dưỡng
Sinh thái học
Population dynamics
Sự sinh trưởng
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Bổ xung
Sự phong phú
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Bổ xung
Sự phong phú
Life cycle
Distribution
Human Related
Aquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Các tài liệu tham khảo
Các nguồn internet
BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Cây Đời sống | Wikipedia (Go, tìm) | Tạp chí Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref. 115969): 24.9 - 29.3, mean 28.4 (based on 3685 cells).
Thích nghi nhanh
(Ref. 69278):
Chiêù cao, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là dưới 15 tháng (K=0.11-0.75).
Price category
(Tài liệu tham khảo 80766):
Unknown.
Nutrients : Calcium = 126 [75, 177] mg/100g; Iron = 4.79 [1.67, 7.92] mg/100g; Protein = 16.6 [15.4, 17.8] %; Omega3 = 0.331 [0.263, 0.400] g/100g; Selenium = 57.8 [48.5, 67.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.97 [0.92, 3.02] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.