Cephalopoda |
Myopsida |
Loliginidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
نزديك كف زي; لب شور; تغييرات عمق 0 - 100 m (مرجع 275). Tropical; 51°N - 48°S, 22°E - 155°W (مرجع 106950)
Indo-Pacific: from Japan to Australia and New Zealand coasts, from Hawaii to the East African coast, north to Red Sea and south to Madagascar. Introduced in the Mediterranean Sea.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 40.1 cm ML جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 121859); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 1.80 g (مرجع 275)
Also caught by set nets and spears and jigs. Demersal neritic species (Ref. 105081). Inhabits warm coastal waters (Ref. 101164). Found among rock reefs, seaweeds and estuaries (Ref. 105081). Primarily active at night and is found in shallow waters, from 0 to 100 m in depth. Moves to deeper waters or in proximity to floating driftwood, reefs, rocks, or seagrasses during daylight (Also Ref. 129713). Often solitary (Ref. 101164). Voracious (Ref. 101165) and strictly carnivorous predator (Refs. 101164, 129713). Mainly consumes mollusks, fishes (Ref. 101164) and prawns (Ref. 101165). Utilizes its characteristic tentacles to catch live prey (Ref. 101164). Exhibits cannibalism on smaller conspecifics (Ref. 101164) or among size classes (Ref. 101165).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen. 1984. (مرجع 275)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2024-2)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري
FAO - ماهي گيري – شيلات: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
Life cycleتولید مثلبلوغFecundityتخم ریزیEggsنمو تخمLarvaeپويايي لاروي Human RelatedAquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 23 - 29.1, mean 28 (based on 2210 cells).
جهندگی
زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (K=0.73-1.25).
آسيب پذيری
Low vulnerability (19 of 100).
Nutrients : Calcium = 126 [75, 177] mg/100g; Iron = 4.79 [1.67, 7.92] mg/100g; Protein = 15.5 [13.7, 17.4] %; Omega3 = 0.414 [0.262, 0.566] g/100g; Selenium = 57.8 [48.5, 67.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.97 [0.92, 3.02] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.