Cephalopoda |
Spirulida |
Spirulidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
سطح زی; تغييرات عمق 100 - 1750 m (مرجع 1695). Tropical; ? - 10°C (مرجع 1695); 69°N - 32°S, 89°W - 160°W
Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical oceanic waters. Tropical to polar.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm ?, range 30 - ? cm Max length : 4.5 cm ML جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 1695)
Minimum depth from Ref. 106682. Rarely exceeds 4.5 cm ML (Ref. 1695). Migrates from 550 to 1000 meters during the day, and 100 to 300 meters at night (Ref. 106682). Young is captured at depths 1,000 to 1,750 m, which suggests that females lay eggs on bottom of continental slopes (Ref. 1695). Dead shells washed up on the beaches often in large numbers (Ref. 88739).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
Jereb, P. and C.F.E. Roper (eds.). 2005. (مرجع 1695)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2024-2)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
استفاده انسانی
| FishSource |
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
Population dynamicsرشدMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.نوسانات طولیMass conversionبازسازیفراواني Life cycleتولید مثلبلوغFecundityتخم ریزیEggsنمو تخمLarvaeپويايي لاروي Human RelatedAquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 4.7 - 11.6, mean 7.1 (based on 951 cells).
آسيب پذيری
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
طبقه قيمت
Unknown.