Cephalopoda |
Octopoda |
Eledonidae | Eledoninae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
; تغييرات عمق 8 - 496 m (مرجع 114857). Subtropical; 46°N - 30°N, 10°W - 36°E (مرجع 275)
Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm 9.5, range 8 - 14 cm Max length : 19.4 cm ML جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 77087); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 1.4 kg (مرجع 77087)
Maximum total length is 74 cm (Ref. 77087). Minimum depth range from Ref. 77087. Widely distributed on the continental shelf (Ref. 106855). Prefers soft bottoms (Ref. 1976) over Posidonia sp. beds (Ref. 77087). Also found on muddy bottoms. Active and opportunistic predator (Ref. 105095). Mainly consumes crustaceans, fish and cephalopods. Exhibits cannibalism occasionally and at larger sizes (Ref. 105096).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen. 1984. (مرجع 275)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2024-2)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: تجاري
FAO - ماهي گيري – شيلات: landings | FishSource |
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 13.3 - 17, mean 14.7 (based on 132 cells).
Prior r = 0.54, 95% CL = 0.35 - 0.81, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).