Cephalopoda |
Octopoda |
Eledonidae | Eledoninae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / Mức độ sâu / distribution range
Sinh thái học
; Mức độ sâu 8 - 496 m (Tài liệu tham khảo 114857). Subtropical; 46°N - 30°N, 10°W - 36°E (Tài liệu tham khảo 275)
Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean.
Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Weight / Age
Chín muồi sinh dục: Lm 9.5, range 8 - 14 cm Max length : 19.4 cm ML con đực/không giới tính; (Tài liệu tham khảo 77087); Khối lượng cực đại được công bố: 1.4 kg (Tài liệu tham khảo 77087)
Maximum total length is 74 cm (Ref. 77087). Minimum depth range from Ref. 77087. Widely distributed on the continental shelf (Ref. 106855). Prefers soft bottoms (Ref. 1976) over Posidonia sp. beds (Ref. 77087). Also found on muddy bottoms. Active and opportunistic predator (Ref. 105095). Mainly consumes crustaceans, fish and cephalopods. Exhibits cannibalism occasionally and at larger sizes (Ref. 105096).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Chín muồi sinh dục | Sự tái sinh sản | Đẻ trứng | Eggs | Sự sinh sản | Larvae
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen. 1984. (Tài liệu tham khảo 275)
IUCN Red List Status
(Tài liệu tham khảo 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Tài liệu tham khảo 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (Tài liệu tham khảo 116361)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
Các nghề cá: Tính thương mại
FAO - Các nghề cá: landings | FishSource |
Các công cụ
Thêm thông tin
Human RelatedAquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
Các nguồn internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 13.3 - 17, mean 14.7 (based on 132 cells).
Prior r = 0.54, 95% CL = 0.35 - 0.81, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).