Cephalopoda |
Oegopsida |
Ommastrephidae | Todarodinae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / εύρος βάθους / distribution range
Οικολογία
Πελαγικό(ά); ωκεανόδρομο(ς) (Αναφ. 75927); εύρος βάθους 0 - 500 m (Αναφ. 275), usually 0 - 100 m (Αναφ. 275). Temperate; 5°C - 27°C (Αναφ. 275), preferred 9°C (Αναφ. 107945); 63°N - 18°N, 110°E - 135°W (Αναφ. 275)
Northern and Western Pacific and Northeast Atlantic.
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Weight / Age
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 50 cm ML (female); common length : 30.0 cm ML αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Αναφ. 97142); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 500.00 g (Αναφ. 275)
Common weight: 100 to 300 g (Ref. 275). Depth range is 36 to 184 m; and temperature is 12 to 20°C in Ref. 75927. Fished with jigging machines, demersal trawls, purse seines and set nets (Ref. 81298). Lives in surface waters of open oceans and coastal areas (Ref. 843). Feeds on myctophids, anchovies, crustaceans, gastropod larvae, chaetognaths (Ref. 275).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Eggs | Γονιμότητα | Larvae
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen. 1984. (Αναφ. 275)
IUCN Red List Status
(Αναφ. 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Αναφ. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά)
FAO - αλιεία: landings, species profile | FishSource | Η θάλασσα γύρω μας
Εργαλεία
Περισσότερες πληροφορίες
Human RelatedAquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 7.7 - 23.4, mean 18.3 (based on 366 cells).
Ελαστικότητα
Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (K=2.85-3.34).
Prior r = 1.18, 95% CL = 0.78 - 1.77, Based on 2 full stock assessments.
Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
Nutrients : Calcium = 126 [75, 177] mg/100g; Iron = 4.79 [1.67, 7.92] mg/100g; Protein = 15.5 [13.7, 17.4] %; Omega3 = 0.414 [0.262, 0.566] g/100g; Selenium = 57.8 [48.5, 67.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.97 [0.92, 3.02] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.