Eschrichtius robustus, Gray whale : fisheries
Advertisement

You can sponsor this page

Eschrichtius robustus   (Lilljeborg, 1861)

Gray whale

Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Eschrichtius robustus  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
上傳你的 相片 
 所有照片 | Google 影像 |
Image of Eschrichtius robustus (Gray whale)
Eschrichtius robustus
Picture by Aquino, Maria Theresa

分類 / 名稱 俗名 | 同種異名 | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Mammalia | Cetartiodactyla | Eschrichtiidae

環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍 生態學

大洋性; 海洋洄游的 (參考文獻 75906); 深度上下限 1 - 2500 m, usually 30 - 500 m.  Tropical; 90°N - 0°S, 115°E - 105°W

分布 Territories | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 簡介

Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic: Extinct in North Atlantic; two populations in North Pacific. Tropical to polar. [western population: IUCN 2010 (Ref. 84930): CR, C2a(ii);E.]

初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

成熟度: Lm 1,220.0  range ? - ? cm Max length : 1,500 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (參考文獻 1394); 最大體重: 35.0 t (參考文獻 1394); 最大年齡: 48 年 (參考文獻 128170)

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 附生動物)

Lives within a few tens of kilometers of shore. Bottom feeders that feed primarily on swarming mysids and tube-dwelling amphipods in the northern parts of their range, but are also known to take red crabs, baitfish, and other food opportunistically. The North Atlantic stock was apparently wiped-out by whalers in the 18th century. A western North Pacific (Korean) stock may also have been extirpated in the mid 20th century; its continued existence as a small remnant is still debated. The eastern North Pacific (California-Chukotka) stock nearly suffered the same fate twice, once in the late 1800s and again in the early 1900s. Both times, a respite in commercial whaling allowed the population to recover. About 170 to 200 from this latter stock are killed annually under special permit by commercial whalers on behalf of Soviet aborigines, and one or a few are taken in some years by Alaskan Eskimos. Since receiving IWC protection in 1946 and the end of research harvests in the late 1960s this population has increased, and now apparently equals or exceeds pre-exploitation numbers (Ref. 1394). Lives within a few tens of kilometers of shore. Bottom feeders that feed primarily on swarming mysids and tube-dwelling amphipods in the northern parts of their range, but are also known to take red crabs, baitfish, and other food opportunistically (Ref. 1394).

生命週期和交配行為 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

主要參考資料 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood and M.A. Webber 1993 FAO species Identification Guide: Marine Mammals of the World. Rome, FAO. 320 p. + 587 figures. (參考文獻 1394)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (參考文獻 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 30 December 2017

CITES狀態 (參考文獻 108899)

Appendix I: International trade banned

CMS (參考文獻 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

人類使用

漁業: 商業性
FAO - 漁業: 魚種描繪, landings search; Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋

工具

電子書 | 野外調查

更多資訊

營養生態學
食物項目（獵物）
食性組成
食物消耗量
捕食者
生態學
生態學
人口動態
成長
最大年齡/尺寸
長度重量比
長度關係
長度-頻率
質量轉換
豐度
生命週期
繁殖
成熟度
孕卵數
產卵場
卵
卵發育
仔魚
分布
Territories
FAO區域
生態系
發現紀錄
簡介
生理學
耗氧量
人類相關
郵票、錢幣、雜項
外展服務
合作者
分類學
俗名
同種異名
型態特徵
照片
參考文獻
參考文獻

網路資源

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO - 漁業: 魚種描繪, landings search; Publication: search | Fishipedia | GenBank (基因組, 核甘) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | 樹狀分類階層 | Wikipedia (去, 搜尋) | 動物學的記錄

基於模型的估計

回復力
(Ref. 69278):		 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.19-0.25; tm=8; tmax=48)
釣魚的脆弱性
(參考文獻 71543)		 Very high vulnerability (79 of 100).
價格種類
(參考文獻 80766):		 Unknown.