Aves |
Pelecaniformes |
Sulidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / Mức độ sâu / distribution range
Sinh thái học
. Temperate; 74°N - 5°S, 98°W - 43°E
Indo-Pacific, Northeast Atlantic, Mediterranean and the Arctic.
Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Weight / Age
Chín muồi sinh dục: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 93.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Tài liệu tham khảo 84934); Khối lượng cực đại được công bố: 3.1 kg (Tài liệu tham khảo 356)
Culmen: 9.98 cm; tarsus: 5.45 cm; wing: 43.52 cm.
Found on beach and shoreline and open ocean (Ref. 116102). In the North Sea off the east coast of Scotland and northern England, this species is known to be the largest consumer of the sandeel, Ammodytes marinus, but not primarily dependent on this as a food source and is known to switch preys. They forage offshore over a wide area, mainly surface-feeding by scooping prey from the water although with relatively limited ability to exploit the water column (Ref. 95711). Exhibits plunge diving (Ref. 356). They form nesting colonies with breeding pairs sharing incubation and chick-rearing duties. Adults feed their chicks with regurgitated food (Ref. 95711).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Chín muồi sinh dục | Sự tái sinh sản | Đẻ trứng | Eggs | Sự sinh sản | Larvae
SAUP Database 2006 SAUP Database. www.seaaroundus.org. (Tài liệu tham khảo 356)
IUCN Red List Status
(Tài liệu tham khảo 130435: Version 2025-1)
CITES status (Tài liệu tham khảo 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (Tài liệu tham khảo 116361)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Các công cụ
Thêm thông tin
Population dynamicsSự sinh trưởngMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Length-frequenciesMass conversionSự phong phú Life cycleSự tái sinh sản
Chín muồi sinh dục
Sự sinh sản
Đẻ trứng
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
PhysiologyThành phần ô-xy
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Các nguồn internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 6.3 - 11.9, mean 9 (based on 488 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability
High vulnerability (57 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.