Aves | 
Pelecaniformes | 
Pelecanidae
			
			
			
				Environment: milieu / climate zone / пределы глубины / distribution range				
				
					экология				
				
			
			
				.  Tropical			
			
			
				
			
			
			
				Eastern Pacific and Western Atlantic:  St Pierre Miquelon, Belize and Puerto Rico.
			
			
			
			
			
				Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Возраст
			
			
				половая зрелость: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 178 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (ссылка 8812); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 5.9 kg (ссылка 356)			
			
			
							
				
				
					
						Culmen: 38.1 cm; tarsus: 11.85 cm; wing: 62.23 cm.					
				
				
						
			
			
			
			
				
					Total Length:  127 to 178 cm; Wingspan:   244 to 299 cm (Ref. 8812). Coastal; <50 km (Ref. 356).  Migration route from northern and central Canada and the US unto the southern states of Baja and into the Gulf of Mexico.  Grows a bill horn in preparation for courtship which is shed after incubation commences. Pre-pairing procedure involving complex communal interactions, chases, and terrestrial, aquatic and aerial processions. Extra-pair copulation rare.  Embryos are exceptionally known to elicit parental incubation behavior by vocalizing. Mortality rate of immature birds is 41% in the first year. The pesticide DDT in the 1960s caused egg-shell thinning such that they broke during incubation  (Ref. 87784). Displays surface seizing (Ref. 356).				
			
			
			
			
			
				Life cycle and mating behavior				
					половая зрелость | размножение | нерест | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae				
			
			
				
									
			
			
			
			
				Основная ссылка  				
					ссылки | координатор | соавторы
				
			
			
				SAUP Database 2006 SAUP Database. www.seaaroundus.org. (ссылка 356)
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
					
						Статус Красного Списка МСОП    
						 (ссылка 130435: Version 2025-1)
					
					
					
				
			
			
			
			
				Статус СИТЕС   (ссылка 108899)
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
				CMS (ссылка 116361)
			
			
				
					Not Evaluated				
			
			
			
			
			
				Угроза для людей  
			
			
				
									
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
			
				Использование человеком  
			
			
							
			
			
				 | FishSource | 			
			
			
			
			
			
инструменты
			
			
			
			
				
					дополнительная информация				
				
					 Life cycleразмножение
половая зрелость
Fecundity
нерест
Eggs
Развитие икры
Larvae
  PhysiologyOxygen consumption
  Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
  				 
			 
			
			
			
				ресурсы в Интернет
			
			
			
			
			
				Estimates based on models
			
			
			
									
						Preferred temperature  					
				 (Ref. 
115969): 12.8 - 28, mean 26.9 (based on 914 cells).			
 
			
			
			
			
			
						
							
				
					
						Fishing Vulnerability  					
					
					
						Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).					
				
						
						
			
									
						Категория цены  					
					
					Unknown.