Aves |
Charadriiformes |
Alcidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Others; depth range 0 - 36 m (Ref. 61831). Polar; 62°N - 34°N, 171°E - 120°W (Ref. 125423)
Pacific Ocean: California to the Aleutian Islands. Boreal to subtropical.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 25.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 8812); max. published weight: 202.50 g (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 1.6 cm; tarsus: 1.59 cm; wing: 12.7 cm.
An endangered species. Nesting habitat protected under ESA in the U.S. (Ref. 87784). Total Length: 24 to 25 cm (Ref. 8812).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Reproductive productivity of the species in Salish Sea declined by at most 50% over the past 150 years (Ref. 95036).
Hirsch, K.V., D.A. Woodby and L.B. Astheimer. 1981. (Ref. 8541)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Population dynamicsGrowthAge/SizeLength-weightLength-lengthLength-frequenciesMass conversionRecruitmentAbundance Human RelatedAquaculture profile
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 5.6 - 13, mean 8.5 (based on 451 cells).
Resilience
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=60.76).
Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.