Demospongiae |
Dictyoceratida |
Spongiidae
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
Sessile; 深度上下限 0 - 200 m (参考文献 124162). Subtropical; 46°N - 25°N, 19°W - 36°E
Eastern Central Atlantic and the Mediterranean: Canary Islands, north to Liguria, Italy, east to Ras Ech-Chekkaa, Lebanon.
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 30.0 cm WD 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (参考文献 363)
Massive sponge; on surface equipped with conules very irregularly dispersed. A thin and generally smooth ectosome covers the surface gaps. Sponge: traversed great gaps méandriformes. Rare primary fibers: 0.0060 to 0.01 cm diameter; formed by the anastomoses of several fibers at their end in the conules; and containing foreign bodies. Secondary fibers: 0.0025 to 0.003 cm diameter. Coloring: darkish gray with yellowish on the surface, often brown white orange inside (Ref. 363).
Minimum depth based from Ref. 363. Importance: It is the principal species currently exploited. The essence of the production comes from Tunisia. It is used for the domestic uses, the toilet and certain industries (Ref. 363). Common between 0.5 and 30 m of depth, would go down up to 80 m to Libya (Ref. 363). Found in caves, coralligenous communities, seagrass meadows, and rocky, detritic, and muddy bottom in depths of 1 to 200 meters (Ref. 124162).
生命周期和交配行为
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Members of the class Demospongiae are hermaphroditic. Life cycle: The zygote develops into parenchymella larva (free-swimming) before settling down on a substrate where it grows into a young sponge.
主要参考文献
参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Vacelet, J. 1987 Éponges. p. 137-148. In Fischer, W., M. L. Bauchot and M. Schneider. 1987. Fiches FAO d' identification des espèces pour les besoins de la pêche. (Revision 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Volume I. Végëtaux et Invertébrés. Publication préparée par la FAO, résultant d'un accord entre la FAO et la Commission des Communautés européennes (Project GCP/INT/422/EEC) financëe conjointement par ces deux organisations. Rome, FAO, Vol.1. (参考文献 363)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书
(参考文献 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
Harmless
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |
工具
网络资源
基于模型的估算
渔业脆弱性
(参考文献 71543) |
Low vulnerability (20 of 100). |
价格分类
(参考文献 80766): |
Unknown. |
