Gastropoda |
Anaspidea |
Notarchidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / Mức độ sâu / distribution range
Sinh thái học
; Mức độ sâu 0 - 30 m (Tài liệu tham khảo 7727). Tropical; 15°C - 30°C (Tài liệu tham khảo 81113)
Circumglobal tropical, temperate seas and the Mediterranean Sea.
Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Weight / Age
Chín muồi sinh dục: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 25.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Tài liệu tham khảo 81112)
This is a medium- to large-sized benthic opisthobranch mollusc. The body is variably colored, grayish-green to white-tan with dark brown blotches and spots, compact and rounded, with distinct head and neck regions evident. The body is also covered with numerous long, branching fleshy papillae that give the animal its ragged appearance. The gill is covered by a pair of fleshy parapodia. Two long retractile olfactory tentacles called rhinophores occur on the head, and also two fleshy enrolled oral tentacles occur at each side of the mouth. Adults completely lack a shell.
Assumed maximum length from Ref. 844. Commonly found in estuaries and tidal swimming pools (Ref. 866). Known from depths of 0 to 30 m (Ref. 7727). It is known to secrete purple ink which is produced from the purple gland, speculated to be a defensive decoy (Ref. 81111). The ink may also be a metabolic by-product in response to eating algae, particularly red algae, as observed with the species under the genus Aplysia (Ref. 81114). Primarily feeds on cyanophytes and diatom mats and films found on sand, mud and other benthic substrata; facultatively it consumes Ectocarpus and Enteromorpha spp. (Ref. 81111).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Chín muồi sinh dục | Sự tái sinh sản | Đẻ trứng | Eggs | Sự sinh sản | Larvae
This is a cross-fertilizing simultaneous hermaphrodite. This is done through internal fertilization wherein one individual transfers its sperm by its eversible penis on the right side of the head to the gonopore of the other individual on the dorsal side. It then lays spaghetti-like benthic egg masses in orange, yellow, green, or brown colors. This is comprised of capsules that contains 1 to 20 eggs. Sexual maturity is attained at the age of 2 to 3 months. Reproductive season is still undefined (Ref. 125338). Come inshore during March and April to lay its eggs. Copulation goes from several hours to several days. Once the eggs are laid, the adults return to shallow waters to die (Ref. 125338).
Burn, R. 2006. (Tài liệu tham khảo 7727)
IUCN Red List Status
(Tài liệu tham khảo 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Tài liệu tham khảo 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (Tài liệu tham khảo 116361)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Các công cụ
Thêm thông tin
Population dynamicsSự sinh trưởngMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Length-frequenciesMass conversionBổ xungSự phong phú Life cycleSự tái sinh sảnChín muồi sinh dụcSự sinh sảnĐẻ trứngEggsEgg developmentLarvaeSự biến động ấu trùng Human RelatedAquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
Các nguồn internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 14 - 29.1, mean 27.3 (based on 4479 cells).
Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.