Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Benthic; depth range 0 - 46 m (Ref. 95344). Boreal, preferred 8°C (Ref. 107945); 60°N - 22°N, 166°E - 109°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Pacific Ocean: West to east Bering Sea, Aleutian to Baja California.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ?, range 2 - 3.5 cm Max length : 7.5 cm SHL male/unsexed; (Ref. 95344); common length : 6.4 cm SHL male/unsexed; (Ref. 78182); max. reported age: 16 years (Ref. 104675)

Maximum depth from Ref. 104447.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Members of the class Bivalvia are mostly gonochoric, some are protandric hermaphrodites. Life cycle: Embryos develop into free-swimming trocophore larvae, succeeded by the bivalve veliger, resembling a miniature clam (Ref. 833). Eggs are discharged through the siphon (Ref. 104667). Spawning: Two periods of high temperature and two spawning peaks may occur in summer due to strong water temperature fluctuations while only one temperature and spawning peak may be expected in a warmer than normal year (Ref. 78182).

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Shaw, W.N. 1986. (Ref. 78182)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Not Evaluated

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial
FAO - Aquaculture: production; Fisheries: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Trophic Ecology

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7.3 - 15.7, mean 9.8 (based on 90 cells).

Resilience (Ref. 69278): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.19; tm=2.5; tmax=16).

Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Nutrients : Calcium = 149 [71, 228] mg/100g; Iron = 8.53 [1.95, 15.11] mg/100g; Protein = 9.88 [8.64, 11.12] %; Omega3 = 0.313 [0.202, 0.423] g/100g; Selenium = 61 [50, 72] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 2.04 [0.56, 3.51] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

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