Malacostraca |
Decapoda |
Palinuridae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / пределы глубины / distribution range
экология
; пределы глубины 0 - 200 m (ссылка 4). Subtropical, preferred 18°C (ссылка 107945); 21°S - 37°S, 12°E - 26°E (ссылка 4)
Southeast Atlantic: Namibia to South Africa.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Возраст
половая зрелость: Lm 6.6, range 5 - ? cm Max length : 46.0 cm BL самец/пол неопределен; (ссылка 4)
It has a maximum total body length of 46 cm and a carapace length of 18 cm. Maximum depth from Ref. 113432. Fisheries: The tails of this species are exported frozen in the shell, or peeled and canned. Experimental work on culture techniques for this species are underway in South Africa. Protective measures includes a size limit (carapace length 8.5 cm), a closed season from July 1 to October 31, bag limits for sports fishermen (2 specimens per day), and the prohibition of taking ovigerous females or soft shelled specimens (Ref. 4). Occurs at depths from 0 to 46 m of coastal waters and inhabits rocky bottoms, sometimes with patches of sand and mud (Ref. 4).
Life cycle and mating behavior
половая зрелость | размножение | нерест | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
The males molt between September and December. In the females, molting occurs in April or May, after which copulation takes place. Ovigerous females are found from May to October (Ref. 4).
Основная ссылка
ссылки | координатор | соавторы
Holthuis, L.B. 1991. (ссылка 4)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП
(ссылка 130435: Version 2024-2)
Статус СИТЕС (ссылка 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (ссылка 116361)
Not Evaluated
Угроза для людей
Использование человеком
рыболовство: коммерческий
FAO - рыболовство: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us
инструменты
дополнительная информация
Population dynamicsростMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Размерный составMass conversionпополнениечисленность Human RelatedAquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
ресурсы в Интернет
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 14.6 - 19.5, mean 16.7 (based on 12 cells).
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям
низкий, минимальное время удвоения популяции 4.5-14 лет (K=0.1-0.11).
Уязвимость
High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Nutrients : Calcium = 109 [35, 184] mg/100g; Iron = 1.59 [1.21, 1.97] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [19.2, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.285 [0.185, 0.386] g/100g; Selenium = 48.3 [-31.7, 128.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.79 [1.17, 2.40] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.