Bivalvia |
Venerida |
Mactridae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / Mức độ sâu / distribution range
Sinh thái học
; Thuộc về nước lợ; Mức độ sâu 0 - 124 m (Tài liệu tham khảo 104339), usually 0 - 2 m (Tài liệu tham khảo 104339). Tropical; ? - 15°C (Tài liệu tham khảo 104336); 31°N - 17°N, 98°W - 81°W
Western Atlantic: The Gulf of Mexico from Campeche to northwest Florida. Introduced to the Atlantic coast of North America (east coast of Florida to Chesapeake Bay and to the Hudson River). Northeast Atlantic: Introduced in Belgium and Poland. Tropical to temperate.
Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Weight / Age
Chín muồi sinh dục: Lm ?, range 1 - ? cm Max length : 9.4 cm SHL con đực/không giới tính; (Tài liệu tham khảo 104339); Tuổi cực đại được báo cáo: 15 các năm (Tài liệu tham khảo 104339)
Shell oval, heavy, very thick. Hinge with lateral teeth transversally striated. Pallial sinus reduced. Umbones anterior, pointing inward and in anterior direction. Periostracum strong and smooth. Colour: externally dirt white, internally glossy white with slight blue-grey tinge; periostracum grey-brown (Ref. 271).
Maximum depth range from Ref. 104365. Lives in low salinity waters, found predominantly in estuaries (Ref. 121904). Also in salt marsh (Ref. 104365). Subtidal (Ref. 104487). It is found infaunal in sandy mud, in very low salinity brackish water (Ref. 271). Habitats have high water turbidity. Found in soft substrates which are a mixture of sand, mud and vegetation (Refs. 104240, 104487). A non-selective filter-feeder which turns substantial quantities of plant detritus and phytoplankton into clam biomass. Also obtains nutrition from sediments via direct ingestion or by feeding on bacteria. Predators include fish, crabs, gastropods and ducks (Ref. 104240).
Life cycle: Embryos develop into free-swimming trocophore larvae, succeeded by the bivalve veliger, resembling a miniature clam (Ref. 833). Spawning is continuous throughout the year (Ref. 104339).
Carpenter, K.E. (ed.). 2002. (Tài liệu tham khảo 271)
IUCN Red List Status
(Tài liệu tham khảo 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Tài liệu tham khảo 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (Tài liệu tham khảo 116361)
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
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Các công cụ
Thêm thông tin
PhysiologyThành phần ô-xy
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Các nguồn internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 23.2 - 25.1, mean 23.9 (based on 121 cells).
Thích nghi nhanh
Rất thấp, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là hơn 14 năm (K=0.01-0.03; tmax=15).
Fishing Vulnerability
Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).