Aves |
Charadriiformes |
Laridae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
; تغييرات عمق 0 - 1 m (مرجع 125422). Tropical; 57°N - 37°S, 88°W - 175°E (مرجع 124582)
Indo-Pacific, Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 43.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 8812); بيشينه وزن گزارش شده: 110.00 g (مرجع 356)
Culmen: 3.893 cm; tarsus: 1.996 cm; wing: 23.31 cm.
Total Length: 35 to 43 cm; Wingspan: 76 to 79 cm (Ref. 8812). A coastal species; <30 km (Ref. 356). This species primarily forage inshore (Ref. 95711). Displays plunge-diving and dipping behavior (Ref. 356). In the North Sea off the east coast of Scotland and northern England, they are known to partially feed on the sandeel, Ammodytes marinus. Breeding pairs share incubation and chick-rearing duties in nesting colonies. They surface-feed by scooping prey from the water and carry it in their bills. Adults feed their chicks with regurgitated food (Ref. 95711).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
LeCroy, M. and C.T. Collins. 1972. (مرجع 8531)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2024-2)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
استفاده انسانی
| FishSource |
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
Population dynamicsرشدMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.نوسانات طولیMass conversionبازسازیفراواني Life cycleتولید مثل
بلوغ
Fecundity
تخم ریزی
Eggs
نمو تخم
Larvae
پويايي لاروي
Human RelatedAquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 10.6 - 29.2, mean 27.4 (based on 5667 cells).
جهندگی
زياد, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت ، كمتر از 15 ماه (K=41.2-72.92).
آسيب پذيری
Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
طبقه قيمت
Unknown.