Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Benthic; brackish; depth range 0 - 15 m (Ref. 348). Subtropical; 15°C - 30°C (Ref. 76803), preferred 13°C (Ref. 107945); 48°N - 30°N, 126°E - 148°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Northwest Pacific. Introduced in the Pacific, Atlantic and the Mediterranean.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 45.0 cm SHL male/unsexed; (Ref. 348); common length : 15.0 cm SHL male/unsexed; (Ref. 348)

A major commercial species. Introduced for aquaculture in many countries. However experimental plantings in tropical western Pacific Islands often failed, apparently because of the sustained high temperature of the water (Ref. 348).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Poutiers, J.M. 1998. (Ref. 348)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Not Evaluated

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial
FAO - Aquaculture: production, species profile; Fisheries: landings, species profile | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Tools

E-book | Field guide

More information

Trophic Ecology

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Ecology

Ecology
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Population dynamics

Growth
Age/Size
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
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Life cycle

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Maturity
Fecundity
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Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics

Distribution

Countries
FAO areas
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Occurrences
Introductions

Human Related

Aquaculture profile
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Taxonomy

Common names
Synonyms
Morphology
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References

Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7.4 - 22.6, mean 16 (based on 334 cells).

Resilience (Ref. 69278): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.01-2.69).

Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments.

Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): High.

Nutrients : Calcium = 149 [71, 228] mg/100g; Iron = 8.53 [1.95, 15.11] mg/100g; Protein = 9.88 [8.64, 11.12] %; Omega3 = 0.313 [0.202, 0.423] g/100g; Selenium = 61 [50, 72] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 2.04 [0.56, 3.51] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

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