Gastropoda |
Neogastropoda |
Muricidae
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
Benthic; 深度上下限 1 - 200 m (參考文獻 105998). Subtropical, preferred 20°C (參考文獻 107945); 45°N - 30°N, 10°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean: from Portugal to central Morocco in the Atlantic, and east to Lebanon. Introduced in Atlantic Spain.
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 5.6, range 4 - ? cm Max length : 10.8 cm ShL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (參考文獻 127250); 最大體重: 79.70 g (參考文獻 127250)
Has high economic value since ancient times because it is used to produce a purple dye (Refs. 78459, 78460 and 78461). Carnivorous and feeds on bivalves and other gastropods (Ref. 2532).
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Showed an annual reproductive cycle in the Catalan coast. The reproductive cycle had two peaks (April and June -July) but the first one seems to be less important because the number of immature females is higher than the mature ones.
主要參考資料
參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Museum of Natural History in Paris 2005 CLEMAM - Checklist of European Marine Mollusca - Public scientific database, consulted on [020606], hosted by Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (M.N.H.N.), Paris, at: http://www.mnhn.fr/biotaxis/clemam. Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (M.N.H.N.), Paris, at: http://www.mnhn.fr/biotaxis/clemam (參考文獻 1056)
IUCN 瀕危狀態
(參考文獻 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
CITES狀態 (參考文獻 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
對人類具威脅
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋
工具
網路資源
基於模型的估計
Rate of population increase
|
Prior r = 1.01, 95% CL = 0.67 - 1.52, Based on 2 full stock assessments. |
釣魚的脆弱性
(參考文獻 71543) |
Low vulnerability (10 of 100). |
氣候脆弱性
(參考文獻 125649) |
Very high vulnerability (77 of 100) |
價格種類
(參考文獻 80766): |
Unknown. |
Nutrients
|
Calcium = 126 [75, 177] mg/100g; Iron = 4.79 [1.67, 7.92] mg/100g; Protein = 15.9 [14.8, 16.9] %; Omega3 = 0.331 [0.263, 0.400] g/100g; Selenium = 57.8 [48.5, 67.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.97 [0.92, 3.02] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |
