Echinoidea |
Camarodonta |
Strongylocentrotidae
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
Benthic; 深度上下限 0 - 300 m (參考文獻 78719), usually 0 - 50 m (參考文獻 113749). Temperate; 79°N - 37°N, 127°E - 97°E
Northern Pacific, Northern Atlantic and the Arctic. Temperate to polar.
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm 2.5 range ? - ? cm Max length : 10.0 cm WD 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (參考文獻 865); 最大年齡: 45 年 (參考文獻 90469)
It is found on rocks and soft bottoms from the intertidal to a depth of 300 meters (Ref. 865). Also in tidepools in the low intertidal, found on bedrock outcrops, boulders, cobbles, occasionally in sand (Ref. 113749). Primarily feeds on seaweeds, with few feeding on eelgrass (Ref. 106946). Also feeds on bivalves, gastropods and benthic crustaceans (Ref. 85579).
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Members of the class Echinoidea are gonochoric. Fertilization is external. Brooding is common, eggs are held either on the peristome, around the periproct or deep into the concavities on the petaloids. Life cycle: Embryos develop into planktotrophic larvae (echinoplateus) and live for several months before they sink to the bottom using their tube feet to adhere on the ground where they metamorphose into young urchins.
主要參考資料
參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Berkes, F., T.P. Hughes, R.S. Steneck, J.A. Wilson, D.R. Bellwood, B. Crona, C. Folke, L.H. Gunderson, H.M. Leslie, J. Norberg, M. Nyström, P. Olsson, H. Österblom, M. Scheffer and B. Worm 2006 Globalization, roving bandits, and marine resources. Science. 311:1557-1558. (參考文獻 861)
IUCN 瀕危狀態
(參考文獻 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
CITES狀態 (參考文獻 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
對人類具威脅
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋
工具
網路資源
基於模型的估計
回復力
(Ref. 69278): |
高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=0.12-0.84; tm=2.5; tmax=45) |
釣魚的脆弱性
(參考文獻 71543) |
Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100). |
價格種類
(參考文獻 80766): |
Medium. |
Nutrients
|
Calcium = 126 [75, 177] mg/100g; Iron = 5.08 [1.67, 7.92] mg/100g; Protein = 12%; Omega3 = 0.331 [0.263, 0.400] g/100g; Selenium = 0.04 [48.48, 67.17] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.97 [0.92, 3.02] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |
